Chapter 1:prepare working drawings.

Learning Outcome 1: Prepare working drawing
Introduction to the learning outcome
This outcome specifies the competencies required to prepare working drawings. It involves preparing working drawings, interpreting different types of drawings like architectural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, manufacture and others during standard installation of water pipes and systems in buildings. It applies in the construction industry.

Performance Standard

Drawings are identified and selected based on the working drawings.
Scale of the drawing is read based on the drawing.
Measurements are converted based on best practice.
Symbols are identified based on standard practices.
Isometric pipework drawings are sketched based on best practice.
Simple working drawings are prepared based on specifications

Information Sheet
Engineering drawing is a two dimensional representation of three dimensional objects. In general, it provides necessary information about the shape, size, surface quality, material, manufacturing process, etc., of the object. It is the graphic language from which a trained person can visualize objects.
Drawings prepared in one country may be utilized in any other country irrespective of the language spoken. Hence, engineering drawing is called the universal language of engineers. Any language to be communicative, should follow certain rules so that it conveys the same meaning to everyone.
Terms and Concepts
Sketch; A sketch is a quickly executed, freehand drawing that is usually not intended as a finished work.
Assembly drawings; Assembly drawings show how different parts go together, identify those parts by number, and have a parts list, often referred to as a bill of materials.
Construction plan; is a detailed document, both written and visual which outlines how you will complete a project or portion of one
Elevation; refers to an orthographic projection of the exterior (or sometimes the interior) faces of a building that is a two-dimensional drawing of the building
Section view; is a view used on a drawing to. Show an area or hidden part of an object by. Cutting away or removing some of that object.
Section; shows a view of a structure as though it had been sliced in half or cut along another imaginary plane.
Classifications of drawing

Engineering drawing; it’s a two-dimensional visual representation of three-dimensional objects and are used as a universal means of communication in industry.
Such drawings should be clear, concise and accurate. They should convey all information complete and specified once only about:
Information about the shapes, sizes and position of components
Material requirements
Instructions about the method of manufacture Engineering drawing has three main parts;
One or more views of an engineering component/object or an assembly of components
Dimensions, symbols, explanatory and instruction notes
A title blocks

Assembly drawing
A drawing that shows the various parts of a machine in their correct working locations is an assembly drawing.
Manufacturing Drawing
They detailed component specifications. These are mostly used by suppliers, manufacturers, and contractors to understand production quantities, materials required, and processes to be followed during the delivery and installation of these components on-site.
Engineering drawings are extremely important as they provide a plethora of information to the manufacturer, including:
Type of material required for manufacturing and supply
Detailed product dimensions
Surface and cosmetic finishes
Welding information
Hardware requirements

Types of Working Drawing; what is working drawing in construction cannot be understood without knowing about its types. In construction, working drawing is further of 5 types. These include the following:

Architectural Drawing
Structural Drawing
Electrical Drawing
Plumbing and Sanitary Drawings
Finishing Drawing

Plumbing drawings
A plumbing drawing is a type of technical drawing that provides visual representation and information relating to a plumbing system.

Uses of plumbing drawings.

It is used to convey the engineering design to plumbers or other workers who will use them to help install the plumbing system.

It is also used to show clearly the location of fixtures, sanitary ware, pipework, valves and so on, and illustrates how fresh water is to be supplied into a building and waste water removed. To illustrate the separate hot and cold water supply, the pipe runs will usually be colored red and blue respectively. Drainage pipes should be illustrated with the grade (slope) indicated.
Where manholes are included, a manhole schedule should detail the name, invert level, cover level, and depth.

Plumbing layout is usually drawn into a copy of the floor plan for proper orientation with existing plumbing fixtures, walls and partition outlines, and other utility features.